DSM-IV: Hallucinogen Persisting Perception Disorder (HPPD)
In this Substance Use Disorder perceptual disturbances, most often visual hallucinations, may be reexperienced in the absence of hallucinogenic drugs long after theoriginal experience.
Diagnostic criteria for 292.89 Hallucinogen Persisting Perception Disorder (Flashbacks)
(Warning!)A. The reexperiencing, following cessation of use of a hallucinogen, of one or more of the perceptual symptoms that were experienced while intoxicated with the hallucinogen (e.g. geometric hallucinations, false perceptions of movement in the peripheral visual fields, flashes of color, intensified colors, trails of images of moving objects, positive after images, halos around objects, macropsia, and micropsia).
B. The symptoms in Criterion A cause clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning.
C. The symptoms are not due to a general medical condition (e.g. anatomical lesions and infections of the brain, visual epilepsies) and are not better accounted for by another mental disorder (e.g. Delirium, Dementia, Schizophrenia) or hypnopompic hallucinations.
Based on the Diagnostic & Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition APA
Also: flashback
Research sources
| Topic | AN INTRODUCTION TO DISSOCIATION / ASTHMA / AUTOMATIC WRITING / DERMATOLOGY / DISSOCIATION AND DEEPENING / DYSTONIA / ERYTHROPHOBIA / HALLUCINATIONS / HEADACHES / I.M.R. THERAPY / INSOMNIA / MEMORY SUBSTITUTION / NAIL BITING / PSEUDO-ORIENTATION IN TIME / PSYCHOGENIC INFERTILITY / REGRESSIONS / DIAGNOSTIC SCALE / SMOKING CESSATION / SMOKING CESSATION / SPECIFIC AGE REGRESSION / STAMMERING / SUGGESTED AMNESIA / TAKING A CASE HISTORY / OBSTETRICS
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| Reference | Waxman D (ed) (1989) Hartland's Medical and Dental Hypnosis 3rd edition Bailliere Tindall
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| Topic | ASSERTIVENESS TRAINING / ASTHMA / AUTOMATIC WRITING / AVERSION THERAPY / BRUXISM / DERMATOLOGY / DYSTONIA / FLOODING / GLOVE ANAESTHESIA / HALLUCINATIONS / HEADACHES / HYPNODONTICS / HYPNOSIS AND PAIN CONTROL / MASSED PRACTICE / MEMORY SUBSTITUTION / NOCTURNAL ENURESIS / PATTERN BREAKING INDUCTIONS / PSEUDO-ORIENTATION IN TIME / PSYCHOGENIC INFERTILITY / SMOKING CESSATION / SMOKING CESSATION / SUGGESTED AMNESIA / THE INTERSPERSAL TECHNIQUE / TINNITUS
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| Reference | Kroger WS (1977) Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis 2nd edition Lippincott
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| Topic | HYPNOSIS AND FALSE MEMORY SYNDROME
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| Reference | Sutcliffe, J. P. (1961). "Credulous" and "skeptical" views of hypnotic phenomena: Experiments on esthesia, hallucination and delusion. Journal of Abno
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| Topic | HYPNOSIS MISC
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| Reference | Bär, K. J., Gaser, C., Nenadic, I., Sauer, H. (2002). Transient activation of a somatosensory area in painful hallucinations shown by fMRI. NeuroRepor
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| Topic | HYPNOSIS MISC
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| Reference | Shergill, S. S., Brammer, M. J., Williams, S. C. R., Murray, R. M., McGuire, P. K. (2000). Mapping auditory hallucinations in schizophrenia using func
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| Topic | HYPNOSIS MISC
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| Reference | Szechtman, H., Woody, E., Bowers, K. S., Nahmias, C. (1998). Where the imaginal appears real: a positron emission tomography study of auditory halluci
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| Topic | HYPNOTHERAPY BACKGROUND READING
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| Reference | Ellson, Douglas, 1941, "Hallucinations Produced by Sensory Conditioning," Journal of Experimental Psychology, 28, pp. 1-20.
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| Topic | HYPNOTHERAPY BACKGROUND READING
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| Reference | Kunzendorf, Robert (ed), 1990, "The Psychophysiology of Mental Imagery",Amityville, NY: Baywood Publishing. Especially the chapter by Spiegel onhypnot
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| Topic | HYPNOTHERAPY BACKGROUND READING
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| Reference | Rosett, Joshua, 1939, "The Mechanism of Thought, Imagery, and Hallucination," N.Y.:Columbia Univ Press
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| Topic | HYPNOTHERAPY BACKGROUND READING
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| Reference | Spiegel, Cutcomb, Ren, and Pribram, (1985) "Hypnotic HallucinationAlters Evoked Potentials." Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 94:249-255.
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| Topic | HYPNOTHERAPY MISC
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| Reference | Szechtman H, Woody E, Bowers KS, Nahmias C. Where the imaginal appears real: A positron emission tomography study of auditory hallucinations. Proc Nat
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| Topic | HYPNOTHERAPY MISC
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| Reference | Walter H, Podreka I, Steiner M, Suess E, Benda N, Hajji M, Lesch OM, Musalek M, Passweg V. A contribution to classification of hallucinations. Psychop
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The online Diagnostic & Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders lists most of the major psychological disorders and illnesses and lists the criteria that must be fulfilled in order for a diagnosis to be made. This resource is not a substitute for proper professional psychiatric diagnosis.
